Iphepha legraphite, njengemathiriyeli ephambili kwimizi-mveliso, lidlala indima engenakuthathelwa indawo kwiindawo ezininzi ngenxa yeempawu zalo ezibalaseleyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali. Yenziwe ikakhulu yikhabhoni kwaye icutshungulwe-ngonyango lobushushu obuphezulu okanye ubuchule bokucutshungulwa okukhethekileyo, ibonisa{2}}ukuxhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu, ukuxhathisa ubushushu, ukuhanjiswa kombane okuphezulu, kunye namandla agqwesileyo omatshini. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini afana nesinyithi, iikhemikhali, i-elektroniki, kunye namandla amatsha.
Iphepha legraphite eliphakamileyo{0}}lokumelana nobushushu yenye yezona zinto ziluncedo. Nokuba kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-3000 degree, igraphite igcina isakhiwo somzimba esizinzile kwaye iyamelana ne-deformation okanye i-oxidation. Le propati iyenza ibe yimathiriyeli eyimfuneko kushishino lwesinyithi, apho isoloko isetyenziswa ekwenzeni{4}}imalinge yobushushu obuphezulu, i-electrodes, kunye nezikrolo. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha le-steelmaking, i-electrode yegraphite inokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu lwangoku, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwee-arc zombane zombane.
Iphepha legraphite likwabonisa ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kokutya. Ngenxa yokuzinza kweekhemikhali zekhabhoni, igraphite iyaxhathisa kwi-acids, alkalis, kunye ne-organic solvents. Ngenxa yoko, isetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lwekhemikhali, umzekelo ekwenzeni umhlwa{2}}izixhobo ezinganyangekiyo, itywina, kunye neenqanawa zokusabela. Kwiindawo ezinobungozi kakhulu, amaphepha egraphite anokwandisa ngokufanelekileyo ubomi besixhobo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa.
Iishiti zegraphite 'eziphezulu zombane kunye ne-thermal conductivity zibenza zibe zizicelo ezibalulekileyo kumacandelo ombane kunye namandla amatsha. Kushishino lwebhetri, igraphite isetyenziswa kakhulu njengesixhobo se-electrode engalunganga kwi-lithium -ibhetri ze-ion ngenxa yentlawulo ezinzileyo kunye nokusebenza kokukhupha. Amaphepha egraphite nawo asetyenziswa ekwenzeni iipleyiti ze-bipolar zeeseli zamafutha, ukuphucula indlela esebenza ngayo umbane webhetri. Kwimveliso ye-semiconductor, igraphite, ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezisezantsi zongcoliseko, isoloko isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuthwala ngexesha lokwenziwa kwe-wafer.
Ukongeza kwezi zicelo, amaphepha egraphite akwasetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli yokutywina kwaye{0}}izixhobo ezixhathisayo kwimveliso yoomatshini ngenxa yokuthambisa okugqwesileyo kunye neempawu zokuzithambisa{1}}. Kwi-aerospace, iicomposites zegraphite, ngenxa yobunzima bazo kunye{3}}neempawu zokomelela eziphezulu, zisetyenziswa ekwenzeni{4}}izixhobo zolwakhiwo lobushushu obuphezulu.
Ngamafutshane, amaphepha egraphite, aneempawu zawo ezizodwa, adlala indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini lanamhlanje. Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, umda wosetyenziso lwamaphepha egraphite uya kuqhubeka usanda, ngakumbi kumandla amatsha, isemiconductor, kunye{1}nomgangatho ophezulu wecandelo lemveliso, apho amandla abo aya kuphononongwa ngakumbi. Kwixesha elizayo, amaphepha egraphite aya kuqhubeka esebenza njengesixhobo esiphambili, ukuqhuba ukuveliswa kweteknoloji kunye nophuhliso kuwo wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo.
